from where does intestinal bacteria arise after birth?

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Answers:
A human first becomes colonized by a normal flora at the moment of birth and passage through the birth canal. In utero, the fetus is sterile, but when the mother's water breaks and the birth process begins, so does colonization of the body surfaces. Handling and feeding of the infant after birth leads to establishment of a stable normal flora on the skin, oral cavity and intestinal tract in about 48 hours.
At birth the entire intestinal tract is sterile, but bacteria enter with the first feed. The initial colonizing bacteria vary with the food source of the infant. In breast-fed infants, bifidobacteria account for more than 90% of the total intestinal bacteria. The substance lactoferrin in breastmilk also helps the digestive system to be colonized with non-pathogenic bacteria called the normal bacterial flora.

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water

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mothers milk, ofcourse if mom has been infected

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environmental contamination

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From food and anything else the kid puts in his mouth.. Fingers, the stuff he touched with his fingers, etc.

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As the baby is born the bacterial colonisation starts, and the start reproducing in the baby's gut. Most of the bacteria in the gut are safe and are needed by our body. If we destroy them by using excess of antibiotics it may lead to trouble !! so dont keep your gut sterile !

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man first becomes colonized by a normal flora at the time of birth and passage through the birth canal. In utero, the fetus is sterile, but when the mother's water breaks and the birth process begins, so does colonization of the body surfaces. Handling and feeding of the infant after birth leads to establishment of a stable normal flora on the skin, oral cavity and intestinal tract in about 48 hours.

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intestinal flora

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